Operating Principle of a Pelton Turbine

Water turbines are turbomachines utilising water power. The water jet is redirected by approximately 180 in the blades. The impulse of the water jet is transmitted to the Pelton wheel. The Pelton turbine is a type of impulse turbine; such turbines convert the pressure energy of water into kinetic energy entirely in the distributor. During the conversion, the water jet is accelerated in a nozzle and directed onto the blades of the Pelton wheel tangentially.

Learning Objectives And Experiments:
Graphical representation of characteristic curves for torque, power and efficiency
Design and function of a Pelton turbine
Determination of torque, power and efficiency.

Function of a Pelton turbine
Flow rate determination by base module
Loading the turbine by use of the band brake
Transparent front panel for observing the operating area
Instruments: spring balances for determining the torque, manometer shows pressure at turbine inlet
Adjustable nozzle needle for setting different nozzle cross-sections
Marking on brake drum for non-contact speed measurement
Water supply using base module or via laboratory supply.